Effector gene birth in plant parasitic nematodes: Neofunctionalization of a housekeeping glutathione synthetase gene PLOS Genetics Thioredoxin Glutathione Reductase from Schistosoma mansoni: An Essential Parasite Enzyme and a Key Drug Target PLOS Medicine Glutathione is such a critical soldier in our line of defense that our bodies make it themselves. We even have mechanisms that recycle and reuse it. But what happens when our toxic Evolutionary Adaptations of Parasitic Flatworms to Different Oxygen Tensions