The Intricate Gut Heart Connection; The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Disease Trimethylamine N oxide (TMAO) is a small molecule produced in humans primarily by the gut liver axis and has become an important biomarker, and possible mediator, of cardiometabolic and renal disease. Dietary choline, phosphatidylcholine ( L Carnitine intake and high trimethylamine N oxide plasma levels correlate with low aortic lesions in ApoE transgenic mice expressing CETP Atherosclerosis PDF] Trimethylamine N Oxide, the Microbiome, and Heart and Kidney Disease. Semantic Scholar